The court states that courts of last instance must give adequate reasons for their decision not to refer a question for a preliminary ruling, even in the absence of an express request from the parties.    

Law 9/2025 requires mobility plans to be negotiated with workers’ representatives. With the deadline ending in December 2026, many companies are already receiving applications to start negotiations. In this post we offer keys to the new legal…

The Supreme Court issues a landmark ruling laying down case law in relation to the GDPR: a mere request for personal data constitutes data ‘processing’ for the purposes of the GDPR. The judgment stems from a cassation appeal brought by the AEPD,…

The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has specified the scope of Article 8.1 of the Brussels I Bis Regulation in actions for damages for infringements of competition law with multiple defendants. The judgment clarifies that the anchor…

The European regime on supplementary protection certificates could undergo a huge transformation. The EU has proposed measures such as introducing a centralized examination procedure at the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO),…

The Constitutional Court thus concludes in relation to the application of the reduced rate of the tax on documented legal acts that Galician legislation regulates for mutual guarantee companies with registered office in the territory of the…

In sectors where the customer experience is built on dozens of micro-interactions, the quality of customer service can make all the difference. Law 10/2025 establishes, for the first time in Spain, a comprehensive framework for how companies must…