Publications - Banking and Finance
The challenges of European AI regulation for the financial sector
Artificial intelligence has enormous potential for financial institutions. Therefore, in addressing its regulation, the aim is to provide a framework of legal certainty to facilitate its adoption and also to address the challenges and risks for the…
A digital euro: what is it and what consequences could it have?
The European Central Bank (ECB) plans to announce shortly whether it will launch a design and creation project for a digital euro, something which, as the institution itself has said, would have an immense impact. We need to know therefore what the…
Regulatory news in Brazil's financial and payment systems foster competition and financial innovation
New Financial Shield 2.0 of the Polish Development Fund
The president has just signed a new Financial Shield to help entrepreneurs most affected by the second wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The call for electronic applications is planned for the second half of January 2021. The amount of aid planned is…
Cross-border bank mergers in Europe (and III): Approvals and transactions in stages
Las fusiones bancarias transfronterizas han vuelto a estar de actualidad en la Unión Europea, animadas por los propios supervisores. En este tercer y último artículo de la serie analizamos el régimen de autorizaciones, el carácter probablemente…
Cross-border bank mergers in Europe (II): The unique peculiar features of the law in each country
Keeping our legal sight on the obstacles or difficulties for cross-border mergers which we started looking at in the previous article in this series, we cannot overlook that the laws of every state retain their own peculiar characteristics, a…
Cross-border bank mergers in Europe (I): Why are they not here yet?
There has been much talk about cross-border bank mergers in Europe, but so far none have happened or appear to be imminent. A few years ago Garrigues recommended that banks watch out for them in the future. Now the European supervisors are…
Startups and debt (I): Overdependence on equity rounds. Reasons and setbacks
Searching for additional financing routes, in the form of debt rather than equity, could benefit startup founders by curtailing their dilution in equity rounds and also have other advantages for the companies themselves. This would contribute to…
Shield 4.0 as the last part of the economic protection system during a pandemic
On May 20, 2020, the Polish government adopted the fourth and final package of anti-crisis solutions known as "Shield 4.0".
The Financial Shield of the Polish Development Fund (PFR) for micro, small and medium-sized enterprises is already operational
The Financial Shield of the Polish Development Fund (PFR) is a solution aimed at supporting enterprises that have suffered losses as a result of the coronavirus epidemic.
The Financial Shield of the Polish Development Fund
The Financial Shield of the Polish Development Fund is a solution aimed at supporting enterprises which have suffered losses as a result of the coronavirus epidemic.
The Polish Act on counteracting COVID-19 entered into force
On 31 March, 2020 an amendment to the Act on specific solutions related to the preventing, counteracting and combating COVID-19, other infectious diseases and crisis situations caused by them, together with other acts (the “Act”) entered…