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Investments in technology companies in Spain: mechanisms for managing the impact of foreign investment screening rules
Far from being a fleeting factor, foreign investment screening has become a structural element with a determining effect on the design and negotiation of investments in Spanish technology companies. Incorporating a regulatory analysis from the outset and providing contractual mechanisms for…How to combat deepfakes and other synthetic content (III): civil law protection of the right to honor
The emergence of synthetic content has reignited the debate over whether traditional legal mechanisms are sufficient to protect the right to honor. This right is now facing unprecedented challenges that strain the established standards by which it has traditionally been defined. Organic Law 1/…How to combat deepfakes and other synthetic content (II): the challenge of evidencing and criminal prosecution in Spain in the era of generative AI
The expansion of generative AI not only broadens the scope for criminal activity, but also calls into question the limits of the Spanish Criminal Code and tests the reliability of digital evidence, compelling a fundamental rethinking of both the prosecution of offences and the standards of…How to combat deepfakes and other synthetic content (I): the AI Act and its Code of Practice place transparency at the heart of the response
We are launching a series of four articles in which we will analyse, from different perspectives, the legal challenges posed by deepfakes. The aim is to provide readers with the key elements needed to understand and address this phenomenon with rigour. In this first article, we focus on the…AI and copyright: from ‘machine-readable’ to ‘machine-actionable’ in the opt-out from TDM: a question of vocabulary or technical governance?
The debate regarding reservation of rights (opt-out) for AI training has shifted from principles to infrastructure. The German decision in the LAION case rekindles the key issue: how to turn ‘machine-readable’ into a ‘machine-actionable’ mechanism that is interoperable and proportional. The…New guidance on vehicle data and the Data Act: challenges and opportunities
The European Commission has published the first guidelines clarifying how the obligations of the Data Act apply to connected vehicles. The document provides guidance for manufacturers, providers and users on access to, and use and transmission of, the data generated by vehicles, paving the way to…The Data Act and cloud switching: keys to the new rules on changing cloud service providers
The new EU Data Regulation (Data Act) introduces an unprecedented regime to facilitate switching between cloud service providers. The aim: to eliminate the technical and contractual obstacles that have constrained many users. As from September 2025, portability will be a legally binding right with…The Data Act and regulated access to data: the essentials
The European regulation recognizes that users frequently depend technologically on the manufacturer or provider when accessing data. In this context, we analyze the rights of users and the obligations of the data holders, as well as the necessary balances and limits, the potential risks and all…